Mon Feb 10 20:03:00 2025 UTC

The install-nutyx script

Introduction

The script can be started from an already installed NuTyX, a 'LIVE' ISO or from another distribution.

Make sure you are using Bash interpreter otherwise the script will fail.

If you use another distribution, make sure your distribution is running a compatible glibc version otherwise the script will fail.

It must be executed from the root account.

This script allows the installation of a base NuTyX in a folder.

It's signature can be verified by downloading the http://download.nutyx.org/install-nutyx.md5sum file.

This script does not allow you to overwrite another distribution or a NuTyX already installed in the target folder (/mnt/hd by default). And so if you have to restart the script it is important to delete the contents of the target folder first.

Let's start with a simple example

The traditionnal example to show how simple it is.

The script can install a Base NuTyX in the /mnt/hd by default. The command is as simple as:

bash install-nutyx

The installation will start immediatly.

Configuration variables

The script will analyse the /etc/install-nutyx.conf file if it exist and used defined variables in it. Here is a summary example of the /etc/install-nutyx.conf file:

URL="http://localhost"
DEPOT="/DEPOT"
LFS="/mnt/lfs"
VERSION="rolling"

Typical example of the script: Install a NuTyX from the 'LIVE' iso

• Open a terminal and switch to the root account if not yet set:

  sudo bash

• Make sure the network is working.

  ping nutyx.org

• Create the needed partitions for NuTyX:

  cfdisk /dev/sda

• • For an 'UEFI' machine: Choose a 'GPT' partition table. Define the first partition as 'EFI System'. The size of the partition needs to be 50 Mbytes minimum if you plan to install NuTyX in a virtual machine. In case you install on a real machine, be aware that the space needed on this partition is below 400 Kbytes, so a 515 Kbytes 'EFI System' partition will be enought. This partition needs to be format in vfat.
  • For a 'BIOS' machine: Choose a 'GPT' or 'msdos' partition table. No other restriction.
• Reserve a 4 Gbytes if you have 2 Gbyte or more of RAM. Otherwise double the size of your RAM.
• Format all the partitions, in our example, we have 3 or 2 partitions depending of the machine (UEFI or BIOS):
  • For the 'UEFI' machine:

    mkfs.vfat /dev/sda1

    mkswap /dev/sda2

    mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda3

  • For the 'BIOS' machine:

    mkswap /dev/sda1

    mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda2

• Mount the destination partitions
  • For the 'UEFI' machine:

    mount /dev/sda3 /mnt/hd 
    mkdir -p /mnt/hd/boot/efi
    mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/hd/boot/efi

  • For the 'BIOS' machine:

    mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/hd

• Activate the swap partition
  • For the 'UEFI' machine:

    swapon /dev/sda2

  • For the 'BIOS' machine:

    swapon /dev/sda1

• Install the base NuTyX with the last kernel:

  If you use a NuTyX ISO:

  KERNEL=kernel install-nutyx

  If you use another distribution:

  CHROOT="coreutils" SHELL=/bin/bash KERNEL=kernel install-nutyx

• Once the installation is done, enter into the freshly installed NuTyX via the command:

  install-nutyx -ec

• For the 'UEFI' machine, install the 'efibootmgr' package:

  cards install efibootmgr

• Make the NuTyX bootable
  • For the 'UEFI' machine:

    grub-install --target=x86_64-efi /dev/sda

    or

    grub-install --target=i386-efi /dev/sda

  • For the 'BIOS' machine:

    grub-install --target=i386-pc /dev/sda

• Create the /boot/grub/grub.cfg file:

  grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

• Exit and umount partitions

  exit
  umount -Rv /mnt/hd
  

• Remove the bootable media and restart the machine.

By default, it will be the rolling branch of the NuTyX installed; it's possible to specify another branch. Specify the name of the branch via the VERSION variable. It should exist on the depot server.

VERSION="testing" bash install-nutyx

The default URL will be used for downloading and configuration of NuTyX. To instead specify another URL, use the URL variable.

URL="http://192.168.0.254" bash install-nutyx

By default, it will be the /mnt/hd folder used for the installation, the LFS variable can be set to specify a new destination folder:

LFS="/My-NuTyX" bash install-nutyx

You can combine several variables:

LFS="/MINI-ISO" \
VERSION="rolling" \
URL="http://192.168.0.254" \
CHROOT="acl attr expat" \
bash install-nutyx

If you want to have your own configuration, it's possible to place your configuration files in the /etc/install-nutyx.conf.d/ folder. When you run the script, if files are found there, they will be used instead of the default ones.

As a conclusion:

Don't forget to remove/check the /etc/install-nutyx.conf file and the contents of the /etc/install-nutyx.d/ directory if necessary. Found files will be read and used by the script and allow a more powerful configuration.

Produce a customised ISO

Producing an ISO is only possible on NuTyX. Means, it's not possible to use another distribution for building an ISO.

As specified above, the ISO variable allows you to specify the name of the ISO to generate.

For example, the command below:

sudo ISO=gnome bash install-nutyx

Possible ISO names are:

strict, mini, base, cli, gui, xorg, openbox, jwm, lxde, xfce4, mate, gnome and kde6

It is possible to test the command and thus view all the commands that are affected.

ISO=gnome bash install-nutyx -t

List of variables: 

LFS          : /mnt/hd
URL          : http://downloads.nutyx.org
VERSION      : rolling
KERNEL       :
DEPOT        : /var/lib/pkg/depot
MOUNT        :
SHELL        : /bin/bash
DEPOT_BASE   : http://downloads.nutyx.org/x86_64/rolling/base
CHROOT       : nutyx busybox curl gcc bzip2 glibc zlib lz4 xz zstd \
libarchive openssl cards
CORE         : acl attr bash coreutils readline expat ncurses lzo gmp \
flex file gzip mpc mpfr grep sed findutils binutils inetutils diffutils \
shadow bc less libcap util-linux kmod kbd pam gdbm e2fsprogs libpipeline \
gettext procps-ng psmisc sudo tzdata iproute2 iana-etc groff man-db \
cards.man nutyx.man dialog cpio squashfs lsb-release grub eudev sysklogd \
sysvinit kernel efibootmgr linux-firmware systemd runyx wireless-tools \
wpa-supplicant gpm gpm.service dosfstools make-ca xdg-user-dirs \
sound-theme-freedesktop ntp ntp.service flcards gvfs network-manager-applet \
xorg-xinit xorg-xf86-input-synaptics xorg-xf86-input-wacom \
xorg-xrandr xorg-setxkbmap firefox gparted leafpad scrot vlc gnome epiphany \
evolution simple-scan gnome-weather gnome-chess
DEVEL        :
mkinitramfs $(basename /lib/modules/*)
mv boot/initrd-* boot/initrd-stable
cards purge
exit 0
ISO          : GNOME
STRICT       : kernel
MINI         : dhcpcd
BASE         : efibootmgr linux-firmware systemd runyx wireless-tools \
wpa-supplicant
CLI          : gpm gpm.service dosfstools make-ca xdg-user-dirs \
sound-theme-freedesktop ntp ntp.service
GUI          : flcards gvfs network-manager-applet firefox gparted leafpad scrot vlc
XORG         : xorg-xinit xorg-xf86-input-synaptics xorg-xf86-input-wacom \
xorg-xrandr xorg-setxkbmap
CDE          : cde
OPENBOX      : lxdm openbox openbox-jp-theme
JWM          : lxdm jwm jwm-miyolinux-theme
LXDE         : lxdm lxde
LXQT         : breeze-gtk sddm lxqt
CINNAMON     : lightdm cinnamon
ENLIGHTENMENT: lightdm enlightenment
XFCE4        : lxdm xfce4 xfce4-extra
BUDGIE       : budgie
MATE         : lightdm mate
GNOME        : gnome gnome-extra
KDE6         : kde6
ISO Filename /mnt/hd/NuTyX_x86_64-25.02.5-GNOME.iso

As we can see, new variables are now available. These can also be redefined at your convenience:

STRICT, BASE, CLI, GUI, XORG, GNOME, KDE6, BUDGIE, CINNAMON, ENLIGHTENMENT, CDE, OPENBOX, JWM, LXDE, XFCE4, MATE.

Each variable specify a set of packages to be installed. Each ISO name use a set of thoses variables to build up the specified ISO. That means, by specifying your own set of packages for some or all of those variables, you will generate your very own ISO.

The table below shows which combination of each of thoses variables are used for each ISO.

A few examples

sudo ISO=KDE6 install-nutyx

install and produce a standard kde6 ISO in the /mnt/hd directory.

sudo \
ISO="lxde" \
XORG="xorg-xf86-input-synaptics" \
BASE="linux-firmware wireless-tools wpa-supplicant" \
GUI="xorg-xrandr deadbeef geany firefox" \
DEVEL="&& setup-nutyx start && echo 'ready ?' && read a" \
CLI="dhcpcd openssh git cdrtools syslinux libisoburn dosfstools" \
LFS="/MyIso" \
DEPOT="/media/www" \
MOUNT="/media/www" \
install-nutyx

install and produce a customised lxde ISO. The BASE, CLI, GUI, XORG, DEVEL, LFS, MOUNT and DEPOT variables redefined.

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